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Paper 2026-14

МОДЕЛ ЗА ФОРМИРАНЕ НА МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИ И ДИГИТАЛНИ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТИ ЧРЕЗ ПРИЛАГАНЕ НА STEM ПОДХОД В НАЧАЛНОТО УЧИЛИЩЕ – КОНЦЕПТУАЛНА РАМКА

Гергана Петрова Вълканова
Бургаски държавен университет „Проф. д-р Асен Златаров“, Бургас

A MODEL FOR DEVELOPING MATHEMATICAL AND DIGITAL COMPETENCES THROUGH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STEM APPROACH IN PRIMARY EDUCATION – A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Gergana Petrova Valkanova
Burgas State University “Prof. Dr. Asen Zlatarov”, Burgas

Abstract: The development of key competences is among the main objectives of contemporary education. In this context, particular attention is given to the development of mathematical and digital competence, which are the focus of the present study. This paper presents the conceptual CMD-STEM model, designed for primary school students. The model integrates the competency-based, STEM, and game-based approaches and includes purposefully selected learning content structured into four complementary directions: educational robotics, logical tasks and STEM escape rooms, computer modelling, and hardware programming. The proposed model provides a methodological framework for the systematic development of selected components of mathematical and digital competence through practice-oriented STEM activities.

Keywords: STEM education; mathematical competence; digital competence; primary education; CMDSTEM model

References:

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(Endnotes:)

1. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/BG/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32018H0604(01)
2. https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/about/projects/edu/education-2040/1-1-learning-compass/OECD_Learning_Compass_2030_Concept_Note_Series.pdf
3. https://ruo.mon.bg/sofia-grad/files/sites/2/2025/04/22_0.pdf
4. https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/pisa-2022-results-volume-i-and-ii-country-notes_ed6fbcc5-en/bulgaria_29d65f4b-en.html?utm_source=chatgpt.com
5. https://www.mon.bg/news/rezultatite-ot-nvo-zapazva-se-nivoto-po-bel-zadachite-sas-svoboden-otgovor-vtestovete-po-matematika-zatrudniha-ucheniczite/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
6. https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC128415

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